Basic Theory Of Video Systems; Ntsc And Pal Tv Systems - Pioneer tuning fork Service Manual

Basic Theory of Video Systems

The main world color TV systems are only NTSC (National
Television System Committee), P A L (Phase Alternation
Line-by-Line) and S E C A M
Memoire) a l t h o u g h there
m o n o c h r o m e system. All of the three systems transmit
color information in addition to luminance and sound in­
formation to make broadcast signal compatible to both
monochrome and color TV receivers.
Color System NTSC
CCIR
M
Standards
Scanning
5 2 5
Lines/frame
Field Frequency M o n o 6 0
(Hz) Chro 5 9 . 9 4 5 9 . 9 4
Line Frequency M o n o
(Hz) 1 5 7 5 0
Chro
1 5 7 3 4 . 2 6 4
Vision W i d t h
(MHz)
Channel W i d t h
(MHz)
Vision-sound
Separation (MHz)
Color Subcarrier
3 5 7 9 5 4 5
(Hz)
Residual Sideband
(MHz)
Vision Modulation
Polarity
Sound Modulation
Sound Frequency
Deviation (KHz)
Sound Preemphasis
(lis)
J a p a n ,
2-channel Sound
USA
Barbados
Countries Countries Countries
I N ] ,
Bermuda, Canada,
Chile, China (Rep),
Colombia, Costa
Rica, Cuba, El
Salvador [K],
Ecuador, Guatemala,
Haiti, Honduras,
J a p a n , Korea (Rep),
Mexico, Panama,
Peru, Philippines,
Samoa, St. Kitts,
S u r i n a m , Trinidad
Tobago, USA,
Venezuela
12

NTSC and PAL TV Systems

(Sequential Colours
are m a n y s t a n d a r d s
PAL
M N
B,G
1 5 7 3 4 . 2 6 4
4 . 2
6 B:7,G:8
4 . 5
3 5 7 5 6 1 1 . 4 9
0 . 7 5
± 2 5
7 5
W .
Germany
Brazil Argentina, Argentina,
Paraguay, Paraguay,
Uruguay, Uruguay,
Algeria, Australia, Austria,
Bahrain, Denmark, Finland, HK,
Holland, Iceland, Indonesia, Italy,
J o r d a n , Kenya, Kuwait, Liberia,
Malaysia, M a l t a , NZ, Nigeria,
Norway, O m a n , Pakistan, Portu­
gal, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Spain,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singa­
pore, Sri Lanka, S w e d e n ,
S w i t z e r l a n d , Tanzania, Thailand,
Turkey, Uganda, UAE,
W. Germany, Yugoslavia, Zambia
Table 1 World TV Systems
Composite color TV signal includes luminance and chro­
minance signals, vertical- and horizontal-sync pulses,
vertical- and horizontal-blanking pulses, color-burst sig­
a
nal and sound signal. Table 1 shows the specifications of
in
the systems and countries concerned.
Here we will discuss the NTSC and P A L systems. The main
differences between N T S C and P A L are in the modulat­
ing method of chrominance signal although both of them
employ Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) sys­
tem.
H I D
6 2 5
5 0
1 5 6 2 5
5 5.5 6
8
5.5 6 . 0 6 . 5
4 4 3 3 6 1 8 . 7 5
1.25
-
FM
± 5 0
5 0
Belgium HK, HK, HK, China (PR), China (PR), China (PR),
Ireland, Ireland, Ireland, Korea (PR) Korea (PR) Korea (PR)
UK, UK, UK,
S. Africa S. Africa S. Africa
SECAM
K'
B D,K
5 6
7 8
5.5 6.5
foR: 4 4 0 6 2 5 0 f o B : 4 2 5 0 0 0 0
0 . 7 5 1.25
E.Germany, E.Germany, E.Germany, Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Guyana, Guyana, Guyana,
Egypt, Egypt, Egypt, Congo, Congo, Congo, Ivory Ivory Ivory
Greece Greece Greece Czecho­ Czecho­ Czecho­ Coast, Coast, Coast,
[BH], [BH], [BH], slovakia, slovakia, slovakia, Martinique, Martinique, Martinique,
New New New
Iran, Iran, Iran, Djibouti, Djibouti, Djibouti,
Iraq, Iraq, Iraq, E.Germany, E.Germany, E.Germany,
Caledonia Caledonia Caledonia
Hungary, Hungary, Hungary,
Lebanon, Lebanon, Lebanon,
Poland, Poland, Poland,
Libya, Libya, Libya,
Reunion, Reunion, Reunion,
Maulitius, Maulitius, Maulitius,
Togo, Togo, Togo,
M o r o c c o , M o r o c c o , M o r o c c o ,
USSR USSR USSR
Saudi Saudi Saudi
Arabia, Arabia, Arabia,
Syria, Syria, Syria,
Tunisia Tunisia Tunisia
L E
8 1 9
2 0 4 7 5
10
14
1 1 . 1 5
2
+
A M
Monaco
France, France,
Luxem­ Luxem­
bourg bourg