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Huawei Airbridge BTS3612A-1900 Technical Manual

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Technical Manual
Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station
Chapter 1 Overall Structure.......................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Physical Structure .............................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 Functional Structure........................................................................................................... 1-3
Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem ................................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 2-1
2.1.1 Functional Structure ................................................................................................ 2-1
2.1.2 Introduction to Baseband Boards............................................................................ 2-1
2.2 BCKM................................................................................................................................. 2-2
2.2.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 2-2
2.2.2 Structure and Principle............................................................................................ 2-2
2.2.3 External Interfaces .................................................................................................. 2-4
2.2.4 Indices ..................................................................................................................... 2-5
2.3 BCIM .................................................................................................................................. 2-5
2.3.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 2-5
2.3.2 Structure and Principle............................................................................................ 2-5
2.3.3 External Interfaces .................................................................................................. 2-7
2.3.4 Indices ..................................................................................................................... 2-7
2.4 BCPM................................................................................................................................. 2-7
2.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................. 2-7
2.4.2 Structure and principle ............................................................................................ 2-8
2.4.3 External Interfaces .................................................................................................. 2-9
2.4.4 Indices ................................................................................................................... 2-10
2.5 BRDM .............................................................................................................................. 2-10
2.5.1 Overview ............................................................................................................... 2-10
2.5.2 Structure and Principle.......................................................................................... 2-10
2.5.3 External Interfaces ................................................................................................ 2-12
2.5.4 Indices ................................................................................................................... 2-13
2.6 BASB ............................................................................................................................... 2-13
2.6.1 Overview ............................................................................................................... 2-13
2.6.2 Structure and Principle.......................................................................................... 2-13
2.6.3 External Interfaces ................................................................................................ 2-14
2.6.4 Indices ................................................................................................................... 2-14
2.7 BESP ............................................................................................................................... 2-14
2.7.1 Overview ............................................................................................................... 2-14
2.7.2 Structure and Principle.......................................................................................... 2-15
2.7.3 External Interfaces ................................................................................................ 2-16
2.7.4 Indices ................................................................................................................... 2-16

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  • Page 1: Table Of Contents

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Table of Contents Table of Contents Chapter 1 Overall Structure......................1-1 1.1 Physical Structure ......................1-1 1.2 Functional Structure......................1-3 Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem ....................2-1 2.1 Overview ..........................2-1 2.1.1 Functional Structure ....................2-1 2.1.2 Introduction to Baseband Boards................
  • Page 2 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Table of Contents 2.8 BFAN ..........................2-17 2.8.1 BFMM........................2-17 2.8.2 BFIB ........................2-19 Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem ..................3-1 3.1 Overview ..........................3-1 3.1.1 Radio Frequency Subsystem Functional Structure..........3-1 3.1.2 Introduction to RF Modules ..................
  • Page 3 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Table of Contents 3.9 BRFM..........................3-18 3.9.1 BBFM ........................3-18 3.9.2 BBFL ........................3-20 Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem..................4-1 4.1 Overview ..........................4-1 4.2 RF Antenna & Feeder......................4-1 4.2.1 Antenna ........................
  • Page 4 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Table of Contents 7.2 Abis Traffic Signal Flow ..................... 7-3 7.3 Abis Signaling Message Flow.................... 7-4 7.4 O&M Signal Flow ....................... 7-5 7.5 Clock Signal Flow ......................7-5 Chapter 8 BTS Configuration ....................... 8-1 8.1 Configuration Principle.......................
  • Page 5 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Table of Contents B.2 EMS Performance ......................B-2 Appendix C Environment Requirements ..................C-1 C.1 Storage Environment ......................C-1 C.2 Transportation Environment....................C-3 C.3 Operation Environment .....................C-5 Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation ..................D-1 D.1 Introduction........................D-1 D.2 Maximum Permissible Exposure..................D-1 D.3 Estimation of Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields............D-3 D.4 Calculation of Safe Distance .....................D-3 D.5 Location of BTS Antennae ....................D-4...

  • Page 6: Chapter 1 Overall Structure

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 1 Overall Structure Chapter 1 Overall Structure 1.1 Physical Structure A BTS3612A cabinet in full configuration is composed of two parts, as shown in Figure 1-1. The right half is the main cabinet, while the left half is for the auxiliary devices. (1) Baseband subrack (2) Carrier subrack (3) Duplexer subrack...
  • Page 7 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 1 Overall Structure The baseband subrack is configured with various baseband processing boards, such as BCIM, BCPM, BCKM and BRDM. A main cabinet secondary power switch box is configured to the left of the subrack. With the secondary power switch box, each board and module can be separately powered by the PSU .

  • Page 8: Functional Structure

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 1 Overall Structure The battery subrack can be configured with storage batteries or DC lightning protector/wave filter, based on actual configuration requirements. Other devices A lightning protection board and an auxiliary cabinet secondary power switch box are configured between the transmission equipment subrack and the power supply subrack.

  • Page 9: Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem 2.1 Overview Baseband subsystem consists of BTS Control & Clock Module (BCKM), BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM), BTS Channel Processing Module (BCPM), BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) and Baseband Backplane (BASB).

  • Page 10: Bckm

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem BCKM: BTS control & clock module, providing clock for BTS system and realizing the control of BTS system resource. BCIM: BTS control interface module, used for accessing transmission system to connect to the BSC.
  • Page 11 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem BCKM Satellite signal Clock Other External receiver BASB module functional communication units module module Backplane BASB Power supply bus module module Figure 2-2 Structure of BCKM module The BCKM comprises the following parts: I.

  • Page 12: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem console interface, environment monitoring interface, test interface and external synchronization interface. V. Power supply module The power supply module converts +24V input power into +5V, +3.3V and +2.5V for various modules of local board.

  • Page 13: Indices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem 2.2.4 Indices Power voltage: +24V. Power consumption: <20W. Dimensions: 460mm%233.35mm (Length%Width). 2.3 BCIM 2.3.1 Overview The BCIM is located in BTS baseband subrack. It is a functional entity for the connection of BTS and BSC.
  • Page 14 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem Data bus RS232 BCKM Backplane bus BASB E1/T1 BESP module module module Control bus Clock Power supply module module Figure 2-3 Structure of BCIM BCIM comprises the following parts: I.

  • Page 15: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem IV. Clock module It provides working clock for the local board. V. Power supply module The power supply module converts +24V input power into +3.3V for various modules of local board.

  • Page 16: Structure And Principle

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem (convolutional code, TURBO code), interleaving, spreading, modulation and data multiplexing, and converts them into high-speed signals. Then the signals are processed by a dedicated processing chip and transmitted through the radio interface side of the channel processing board.

  • Page 17: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem daisy chains, channel processing capability is increased greatly. Maximally 6 sectors can be supported. III. CPU module The high performance control CPU on BCPM mainly processes the forward & reverse high-speed traffic data and control data and reports board status.

  • Page 18: Indices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem 2.4.4 Indices Power voltage: +24V. Power consumption <30W. Dimensions: 460mm%233.35mm (Length%Width) 2.5 BRDM 2.5.1 Overview The BRDM is logically located between BTRM and BCPM, providing path for orthogonal data connection (IQ) and exchange between the two so as to support the flexible configuration relation between BCPM and BTRM.
  • Page 19 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem The BRDM configured with six pairs of multi-mode optical interfaces used to connect to the BTRM. The BRDM with three pairs of single-mode optical interfaces used to cascade with ODU3601C.

  • Page 20: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem II. High-speed data interface module The high-speed data interface module converts rates of high-speed signals for the convenient processing of the switching module. III. Switching module The switching module segments and paste data as required. It is a core processing module of this board.

  • Page 21: Indices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem The interfaces are connected with six traffic slots (BCPM slots) through the backplane, for transmitting baseband orthogonal (IQ) data. Backplane bus interface The interface is used for transmitting O&M information between BCKMs. Clock interface The interface is connected with the BCKM via the backplane.

  • Page 22: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem Figure 2-6 Functions of all slots in the BASB A backplane includes two parts: connector and board slot. The connector part includes 2 input connectors of backplane +24V power/ground, and 3 DB37 D-connectors.

  • Page 23: Structure And Principle

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem lightning protection with E1/T1 trunk line. The 8 pairs of lightning protection units of the BESP are used to discharge transient high voltage on the sheath and core of E1/T1 trunk line to the PGND.

  • Page 24: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem The DB25 is a female connector. There are two DB25 connectors, respectively connected with four E1/T1 cables. II. Principle of lightning protection The principle of lightning protection is shown in Figure 2-8. Core Lead in Lead out...

  • Page 25: Bfan

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem 2.8 BFAN The fan module (BFAN) is installed right under the baseband subrack, serving as a part of the blower type cooling system of the baseband subrack. The BFAN consists of fan boxes and fan enclosures.
  • Page 26 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem queried. It can also guarantee a safe and proper cooling system and lower the system noise. Its main functions are as follows: Control rotating speed of the fans. Check whether fan units are in position and report their information.

  • Page 27: Bfib

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem The PWM control signal generated in the MCU provides controlled power input for fans by isolating driving circuits. Fan in position and fault detection module This module isolates the fan-in-position signal and fan blocking alarm signal, then converts them into logic level for the MCU to sample and analyze.
  • Page 28 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 2 Baseband Subsystem II. Structure and principle The position of BFIB is shown in Figure 2-9. The BFIB implements interface conversion function. Refer to "3) Interface" for the definition of interfaces. Its structure is shown in Figure 2-11.

  • Page 29: Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem 3.1 Overview 3.1.1 Radio Frequency Subsystem Functional Structure The structure of RF (radio frequency) subsystem is shown in Figure 3-1. Antenna & feeder BHPA BRDM BTRM...

  • Page 30: Introduction To Rf Modules

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem In forward link, it performs power adjustable up-conversion and linear power amplification to the modulated transmission signals, filtering the transmission signals to meet the corresponding air interface standard. In reverse link, it filters the signals received by the BTS antenna to suppress out-band interference, and then performs low-noise amplification, noise factor adjustable frequency down-conversion, and channel selective filtering.

  • Page 31: Structure And Principle

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem The BTRM also receives the management and configuration information from the BCKM, and reports the status and alarms of itself to the BCKM. 3.2.2 Structure and Principle The BTRM consists of BTS Intermediate Frequency Module (BIFM) and BTS Radio up-down Converter Module (BRCM).
  • Page 32 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem On receiving the analog intermediate frequency signals via the radio interface, the down-converter converts them into digital intermediate frequency signals via analog-digital conversion. Then the digital intermediate frequency signals are converted into baseband I/Q signals via digital down-conversion and baseband filtering.

  • Page 33: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem control are performed, so as to ensure the RF signals output meet the protocol requirements on power level, Adjacent Channel Power Radio (ACPR) and spuriousness. Main/diversity receiver The main/diversity receiver converts the RF signals output by RLDU to specified intermediate frequency signals via down-conversion, and performs wave filtering, signal amplification and power control before/after the down-conversion, so as to...

  • Page 34: Indices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem 3.2.4 Indices Supported frequency band: 450MHz, 800MHz and 1900MHz Power voltage: +24V Power consumption: 51W Dimensions: 460mm % 233.5mm % 64mm (Length % Width % Depth) Note: BTRM supports the different frequency bands with different BTRM types, such as BTRM for 450MHz band, BTRM for 800MHz band, BTRM for 1900MHz band.
  • Page 35 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem RF input BTRM Power amplification Coupler Circulator RF output Sampling port Alarm BDCS circuit HPAUz +24V Alarm signal Alarm signal BTRM BBFM BTRB BHPA Figure 3-3 Functional structure of BHPA module I.

  • Page 36: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem 3.3.3 External Interfaces External interfaces of the BHPA module are D-type combination blind mate connectors, including: RF interface The RF interface of BHPA has one input port and one output port. They are connected respectively with BTRM RF output port via BTRB and CDU/DFU/DDU RF input port via coaxial cable.

  • Page 37: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem RS485 RS485 RLDU1 RLDU0 Functional Functional Functional group 0 group 1 group 2 RS485 RS485 Temperature Temperature Temperature Sensor Sensor Sensor Figure 3-4 Functional structure of BTRB I.

  • Page 38: Indices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem 3.4.4 Indices Dimensions: 664mm%262mm%3mm (Length % Width % Depth) 3.5 CDU 3.5.1 Overview The Combining Duplexer Unit (CDU) accomplishes the following functions: Combining two carrier signals from the two BHPAs into one. Isolating and filtering the receiving and transmitting signals.

  • Page 39: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem I. Isolator There are two isolators at each input port of the combiner in CDU. They are used to isolate the two carriers from two input ports. II.

  • Page 40: Indices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem Forward/reverse coupled RF signals, which are sent to RLDU via the blind mate connector on the backside. Forward/reverse coupled test signals, which are output through the standard SMA connector on the front side of CDU.

  • Page 41: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem I. Filter The filter on the transmitting channel filters transmitting signal. The filter on the main/diversity receive channel filters main/diversity receive signals respectively. Then it sends them to low noise amplifier in the RLDU for amplification. II.

  • Page 42: Ddu

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem 3.7 DDU 3.7.1 Overview The Dual Duplexer Unit (DDU) implements the following functions: Isolation and low-pass filtering of two receiving and transmitting signals. Providing two DC feeds to T-type Tower Mounted Amplifier (TMA). Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) test on transmit channels in both forward and backward directions.

  • Page 43: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem I. Low-pass filter The low-pass filter is used to suppress the high-order harmonic wave. The low-pass filter on receive channel also functions to suppress the interference from the transmit channel.

  • Page 44: Rldu

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem Module dimensions: 450mm%100mm%344.8mm (Length%Width%Depth) 3.8 RLDU 3.8.1 Overview The Receive LNA Distribution Unit (RLDU) consists of Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), distribution unit, configuration switch and alarm monitoring circuit. Its main functions are: Low noise amplification and distribution for BTS main/diversity receiving signals.

  • Page 45: External Interfaces

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem I. Receiving signal low noise amplification and distribution unit There are 4 LNAs and distributors inside the RLDU, which process 4 signals. The 4 LNAs have the same specifications such as gain, noise factor and dynamic to ensure the balance among 4 receive paths.

  • Page 46: Indices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem Antenna VSWR, the LNA status monitoring alarm signals and forward power detection voltage signals, which are outputted to the BRCM by the RLDU through a DB15 interface in front of the module and transmitted to the BIFM for processing. The +24V DC power is necessary for the RLDU.
  • Page 47 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem BHPA BBFM Figure 3-9 Position of BBFM in BHPA module The structure of the BBFM is shown in Figure 3-10. BBFM Panel indicator HPAU driving alarm Interface signal isolation BHPA...

  • Page 48: Bbfl

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem This module isolates and drives the interface with the BHPA. Temperature information collection module This module collects the temperature information of the BHPA module in real time, which is implemented by the MCU in query mode.
  • Page 49 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 3 Radio Frequency Subsystem BTRM indicator FAN indicator BHPA indicator LED1 LED2 LED3 Fan cover port (connect to BBFM) Figure 3-11 Structure of BBFL module The BBFL consists of the following parts: Fan 1 interface module It is a 4pin ordinary socket connector connected with the Fan 1, including power supply input port and fan alarm output port.

  • Page 50: Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem 4.1 Overview The BTS antenna & feeder subsystem consists of two parts: the RF antenna & feeder, and the satellite (GPS/GLONASS) synchronization antenna & feeder. The former transmits the modulated RF signals and receives MS signals, while the latter provides precise synchronization for the CDMA system.
  • Page 51 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem I. Antenna gain Antenna gain is the capability of the antenna to radiate the input power in specific directions. Normally, in the direction where the radiation intensity of the antenna is the strongest, the higher the gain is, the stronger the field intensity will be in a faraway place and the larger the effective coverage area will be.

  • Page 52: Feeder

    Since 7/8 inch and 5/4 inch feeders should not be bent, the tower top (or building roof) antenna and the feeder, cabinet and the feeder should be connected via jumpers. The jumpers provided by Huawei are 1/2 inch, 3.5m long, and with 7/16DIN connectors. The attenuation of the feeder often used is listed in Table 4-1.

  • Page 53: Tower-Top Amplifier (Optional)

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem Usually, there are two types of lightning arresters. The first type uses the microwave principle to conduct the low frequency lightning current to the ground so as to sink the current.
  • Page 54 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem In consideration of system security and reliability, the BTS receives signals of the GPS system or of the GLONASS system through a satellite synchronization antenna & feeder, to implement radio synchronization.
  • Page 55 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem I. GPS The GPS is a high precision all-weather satellite navigation system based on radio communications. It can provide high precision information about 3D-position, speed and time.

  • Page 56: Antenna

    Since the 7/8 inch feeder should not be bent, the tower top (or building roof) antenna and the feeder, the cabinet and the feeder should be connected via jumpers. The jumpers provided by Huawei are 1/2 inch, 3.5m long, with 7/16DIN connectors. The feeder is mainly used to transmit GPS/GLONASS signals received by the GPS/GLONASS antenna to the GPS/GLONASS receiver.
  • Page 57 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem This kind of GPS receiver is capable of tracking 8 satellites concurrently. It receives GPS signals of band L1 and tracks C/A codes. Inside the receiver, the RF signal processor makes frequency down-conversion to the GPS signals received by the antenna to get the Intermediate Frequency (IF) signals.

  • Page 58: Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem 5.1 Overview The functional structure of the power & environment monitoring subsystem is shown in Figure 5-1. Boolean v alue Env ironment RS485...

  • Page 59: Power Distribution

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem 5.2 Power Distribution 5.2.1 AC Distribution The BTS3612A supports four types of AC power supplies: three-phase 220V AC, single-phase 220V AC, three-phase 110V AC and single-phase 110V AC. I.

  • Page 60: Dc Distribution

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem AC distribution unit Air conditioner/heat Voltage regulator exchanger Reserved 220VAC +24V DC AC/DC +24V DC Lightning AC/DC arrester Figure 5-3 Distribution of single-phase 220V AC III.
  • Page 61 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem AC distribution unit Input busbar 220V AC ..Output busbar -48V DC DC distribution busbar Figure 5-4 AC-DC conversion and distribution of –48V DC Then the DC distribution busbar sends the –48V DC to the power consumption units such as the PSU subrack, batteries, transmission equipment, fans, lighting...

  • Page 62: Power Distribution Devices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem To ensure the normal power supply to other power consumption units when the power to one of the unit is disconnected due to over current, a separate over-current protection unit is equipped in the distribution box for each power consumption unit.

  • Page 63: Environment Monitoring

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem 5.3 Environment Monitoring 5.3.1 Structure of Monitoring System As an outdoor BTS, the BTS3612A provides comprehensive power & environment monitoring functions, which are implemented through sensors, TCU and PMU. The temperature inside the cabinet is controlled by an independent temperature control device.

  • Page 64: Monitoring Devices

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem AC lightening arrester alarm. Battery interface lightening arrester of battery cabinet. Cabinet smoke alarms, water alarms, and door control alarms. Current/voltage analog signals include: Current of the battery group (A) Total load current (A) Busbar AC voltage (V)
  • Page 65 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 5 Power & Environment Monitoring Subsystem III. PMU The PMU is the core of the monitoring system. It is responsible for collecting, processing and reporting all the environment variables. IV. Air conditioner The air conditioner can realize closed-loop control over the temperature inside the cabinet.

  • Page 66: Chapter 6 Lightning Protection And Grounding

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 6 Lightning Protection and Grounding Chapter 6 Lightning Protection and Grounding 6.1 Overview I. Lightning Protection Lightning protection system for communication equipment includes external lightning protection system and internal lightning protection system. The external lightning protection system is to protect the equipment against direct lightning stroke, including lightning receivers, lightning down-leading cables and grounding devices.

  • Page 67: Lightning Protection For Ac Power

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 6 Lightning Protection and Grounding II. Measures of internal lightning protection The AC lightning arrester at the AC input port prevents the AC from direct lightning stroke or inductive lightning. The lightning protection index of the AC input port is 40kA. E1 lightning protection board at the E1 port of the BTS3612A protects E1 signal ports.

  • Page 68: Lighting Protection For Antenna & Feeder Subsystem

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 6 Lightning Protection and Grounding 75/120/100 75/120/100 BESP Transmission BCIM equipment Grounding bar Figure 6-1 Connection to BTS via trunk cables All E1 cables achieve the lightning protection through the E1 lightning protection board. The circuits on the board can prevent the lightning current going into the cabinet through E1/T1 cables when the trunk lines get lightning stroke, and the circuits can also discharge most of the current through the electricity discharge tube when large current...

  • Page 69: Grounding Of Bts Equipment

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 6 Lightning Protection and Grounding For 1900MHz band, when the TMA is configured, the DDU with BIAS T should be configured, the BTS provides the TMA with power supply through the DDU, so lightning arrester is needed at the feeder port of the BTS;...

  • Page 70: Grounding Of Transmission Equipment

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 6 Lightning Protection and Grounding The grounding device of the AC lightning arrester is well connected to the mechanical parts of the cabinet, and the contact resistance is less than 50mΩ. 6.3.4 Grounding of Transmission Equipment Grounding bar is installed in the vicinity of the transmission equipment.

  • Page 71: Chapter 7 Bts Signal Flows

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 7 BTS Signal Flows Chapter 7 BTS Signal Flows 7.1 Overview BTS signals include Abis traffic signal, Abis signaling message, O&M signal, clock signal, and local Man-Machine Interface (MMI) signal. These signals form various flows in the transmission from the Abis interface to the Um interface, as shown in Figure 7-1 (The flows are identified by different colors).
  • Page 72 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 7 BTS Signal Flows Antenna & Feeder BCPM CellBus BHPA BTRM E1/T1 CellBus BRDM BHPA BCPM BCKM Gbit Ethernet BTRM Abis traffic Gbit Ethernet (Optical Interface) (Electric Interface) RLDU RLDU Abis signaling BCIM 25MHz...

  • Page 73: Abis Traffic Signal Flow

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 7 BTS Signal Flows 7.2 Abis Traffic Signal Flow The Abis traffic is carried by the Fundamental Channel (FCH), the Supplemental Channel (SCH) and the Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH). The FCH and DCCH carry voice traffic and inband signal, while the SCH carries data traffic.

  • Page 74: Abis Signaling Message Flow

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 7 BTS Signal Flows 7.3 Abis Signaling Message Flow The Abis signaling messages are carried by the Access Channel (ACH) and the Paging Channel (PCH). These messages are refer to as outband signals (compared to the inband signals in the Abis traffic).

  • Page 75: O&M Signal Flow

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 7 BTS Signal Flows 7.4 O&M Signal Flow The operations and maintenance over the BTS, originated either from the remote BAM or from the local maintenance terminal, are implemented by the OMU on the BCKM. The blue continuous lines in Figure 7-1 represent the O&M signal flows between the OMU and various boards in the BTS, while the blue dotted lines represent the flows between the OMU and the MC and CLK units on the BCKM.

  • Page 76: Chapter 8 Bts Configuration

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration Chapter 8 BTS Configuration This chapter details the configuration of each part of BTS based on the brief introduction to main cabinet, auxiliary cabinet, and cabinet door in Chapter 1. 8.1 Configuration Principle BTS3612A applies outdoors It is highly integrated and is equipped with the excellent protection function.
  • Page 77 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration I. BCIM BCIM has two versions: QC51BCIM and QC52BCIM. QC51BCIMsupports eight E1 links. Compared with QC51BCIM, QC52BCIM has more functions as follows: timeslot cross-connection, fractional ATM transmission, and T1 transmission functions. For the configuration of BCIM links, refer to the following typical data: For S(1/1/1) BTS, configure one E1/T1 link.

  • Page 78: Configuration Of Rf Modules

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration Normally, redundancy is not required. If one board fails, the system will automatically shield the faulty board. In this case, the system capacity decreases, but the service is normal.
  • Page 79 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration DFU/DDU/CDU2 DFU/DDU/CDU1 DFU/DDU/CDU0 Figure 8-2 RF modules in full configuration I. BTRM/BHPA configuration BTRM and BHPA are configured in pairs. That is, one carrier unit consists of one BTRM and one BHPA.

  • Page 80: Configuration Of Power Modules

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration One DFU supports one sector carrier. That is, only the configuration of S(1/1) or S(1/1/1) is allowed. One DDU supports two sector carriers. That is, the configuration of S(2/2) or S(2/2/2) is allowed and there is no requirement about the carrier space.

  • Page 81: Temperature Control Device

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration I. Configuration of battery subrack The battery subrack can be installed with the batteries or DC lightning protector / DC filter. If batteries are installed, the subrack can hold a -48V/65Ah battery group containing four 12V/65Ah storage batteries connected in serial.

  • Page 82: Transmission Equipment

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration 8.3.4 Transmission Equipment The transmission equipment is optional. The BTS3612A is connected to the transmission equipment through standard E1/T1 interface. Within the BTS3612A, standard space is reserved for installing microwave, HDSL or SDH transmission equipment.

  • Page 83: Star Networking

    IV. Implementation The internal network of Huawei CDMA BSS is built on ATM platform. The logic links of Abis interface, such as traffic link and signaling link, are carried by ATM links, which is carried by E1/T1 links in IMA mode or UNI mode.

  • Page 84: Chain Networking

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration 8.5.2 Chain Networking I. Application scope Chain networking of the BTS is shown in Figure 8-4. It is applicable to sparsely populated stripe areas, e.g. along the highways and railways. BS C BT S BT S...

  • Page 85: Tree Networking

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration To configure a BTS trunk link, the forward/reverse BCIM No., forward/reverse link set No., and forward/reverse VP No. should be properly configured. 8.5.3 Tree Networking I. Application scope Tree networking mode applies to the area where network structure, site and subscriber distribution are complicated, such as the area where different types of subscribers are not evenly distributed.

  • Page 86: Fractional Atm Networking

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration be allocated to each of the lower-level BTSs. (Note that these BTSs do not share the same trunk lines.) The lower-level BTS can in turn allocate the trunk links to its own lower-level BTSs.

  • Page 87: Typical Configurations

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration II. Advantage The satellite synchronization antenna & feeder is not required, which saves the investment. This networking mode is suitable in the areas like the metro where the satellite synchronization antenna &...

  • Page 88: S(2/2/2) Configuration

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration 8.6.2 S(2/2/2) Configuration The following is the configuration of BTS3612A for S(2/2/2) (i.e., 2 carriers % 3 sectors): Baseband boards: 1 BCIM, 1 BRDM, 1-2 BCKMs, and BCPM can be configured according to actual requirement.

  • Page 89: S(4/4/4) Configuration

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration TRXM HPAU TX_RFm PA_IN PA_OUT BIFM TX_RFd BRCM RX_RFm Div._ ANT Main_ ANT RX_RFd Main_RX_OUT TX1_IN FWDCPL_OUT REVCPL_OUT TRXM HPAU TX2_IN Div._RX_OUT TX_RFm PA_IN PA_OUT BIFM TX_RFd BRCM A sector RX_RFm...
  • Page 90 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration Power modules: 3 PSU modules modules. DC/DC AC/DC RF antennas: 2 uni-polarization directional antennas or 1 bi-polarization directional antenna for each sector. RF modules: The configuration of the RF modules is shown in Figure 8-8, and the logic connection of RF modules of one-sector is shown in Figure 8-9 and Figure 8-10.
  • Page 91 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration TRXM HPAU TX_RFm PA_IN PA_OUT BIFM TX_RFd BRCM RX_RFm Div._ ANT Main_ ANT RX_RFd Main_RX_OUT TX1_IN FWDCPL_OUT REVCPL_OUT TX2_IN TRXM HPAU Div._RX_OUT TX_RFm PA_IN PA_OUT BIFM BRCM TX_RFd RX_RFm RX_RFd...
  • Page 92 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Chapter 8 BTS Configuration BHPA BTRM Main_ ANT Div._ ANT Main_RX_OUT PA_OUT PA_IN TX1_IN TX_RFm BIFM BRCM TX_RFd FWDCPL_OUT RX_RFm REVCPL_OUT TX2_IN RX_RFd Div._RX_OUT Main_ ANT Div._ ANT BTRM BHPA Main_RX_OUT TX1_IN FWDCPL_OUT PA_OUT...

  • Page 93: Appendix A Performance Of Receiver And Transmitter

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter The technical specifications of BTS receivers and transmitters comply with or surpass all the performance requirements defined in the IS-97-D Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Base Stations.
  • Page 94 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Eb/N0 measurement value is decided by whichever is bigger of the Eb/N0 values in two RF input ports. Table A-2 Maximum FER of F-FCH or R-DCCH receiver in demodulation performance test under RC1 FER limits (%) Data rate (bit/s) Lower limit Eb/N0...
  • Page 95 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter FER limit (%) Data rate (bit/s) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 76800 14% @ 1.3 dB 2.4% @ 1.9 dB 153600 14% @ 1.3 dB 2.4% @ 1.9 dB 307200 14% @ 1.8 dB...
  • Page 96 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Table A-9 Maximum FER of R-SCH (Turbo Code) receiver of demodulation performance test under RC4 FER limit (%) Data rate (bit/s) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 28800 27% @ 0.7 dB...
  • Page 97 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Table A-11 Channel models for the R-TCH receiving performance test Case Channel Simulator configurations 2 (8 km/h, 2 paths) 3 (30 km/h, 1 path) 4 (100 km/h, 3 paths) 4 (100 km/h, 3 paths) Table A-12 Eb/N0 limits of R-TCH without closed-loop power control...
  • Page 98 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter FER limits (%) Case Data rate (bit/s) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 2400 1200 9600 4800 2400 1200 Table A-14 Maximum FER of demodulation performance test of R-FCH or R-DCCH receiver under RC2 FER limits (%) Case Data rate (bit/s)
  • Page 99 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter The test value of Eb/N0 assumes the average value of Eb/N0 tested on the two RF input ports. Table A-15 Channel models for the R-TCH receiving performance test Condition Number of Channel Simulator configurations 1 (3 km/h, 1 path)
  • Page 100 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Table A-18 Maximum FER of demodulation performance test of R-FCH or R-DCCH receiver under RC3 FER limits (%) Case Data rate (bit/s) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 9600 (20 ms) 2.4% @ 3.4 dB...
  • Page 101 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Table A-20 Maximum FER of demodulation performance test of R-SCH (Turbo Code) receiver under RC3 FER limits (%) Case Data rate (bit/s) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 307200 15% @ 0.8 dB...

  • Page 102: Receiving Performance

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Table A-22 Maximum FER of demodulation performance test of R-SCH(Turbo Code) receiver under RC4 FER limits (%) Case Data rate (bit/s) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 230400 10% @ 2.4 dB...
  • Page 103 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter R-TCH shall 1.0% less with confidence when -127dBm/1.23MHz~-65dBm/1.23MHz CDMA signal level is inputted at BTS RF main and diversity input ports. III. Single-tone desensitization 450MHz band Input the single-tone interference deviated from the center frequency at the BTS RF input port: when the single-tone interference deviates from the center frequency...

  • Page 104: Limitations On Emissions

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter 1900MHz band Input two single-tone interference of center frequency at the BTS RF input port: both deviate from the center frequency +1.25MHz and +2.05MHz respectively, and -1.25MHz and -2.05MHz respectively.

  • Page 105: Performance Of Transmitter

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Table A-24 RSQI range Minimum Acceptable Report Maximum Acceptable Report Eb/N0 (dB) per input port Value Value A.2 Performance of Transmitter A.2.1 Frequency Requirements I.

  • Page 106: Rf Output Power

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter Channels, the pilot time tolerance of all CDMA Channels radiated by a BTS shall be within ±1 µs of each other. Time tolerance of pilot channel and other code-division channels: in the same CDMA channel, time error between the pilot channel and other forwarding code-division channels is <!50ns.

  • Page 107: Limitations On Emissions

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter A.2.4 Limitations on Emissions I. Conducted spurious emissions The requirements on Conducted Spurious Emissions vary with frequency bands, as shown in Table A-25 and Table A-26. Local radio requirements should also be observed.
  • Page 108 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix A Performance of Receiver and Transmitter II. Radiated spurious emissions The performance is in compliant with local radio specifications. A-16...

  • Page 109: Appendix B Emc Performance

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix B EMC Performance Appendix B EMC Performance ETSI EN 300 386 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Telecommunication network Equipment; ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Requirements are the international EMC standards. The EMC performance of BTS3612A complies with ETSI EN 300 386 V1.2.1 (2000-03).

  • Page 110: Ems Performance

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix B EMC Performance B.2 EMS Performance I. RF EM field immunity (80~1000MHz) RF EM field immunity indices are listed in Table B-3. Table B-3 RF EM field immunity indices Port Level Performance class Whole cabinet...
  • Page 111 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix B EMC Performance III. Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) immunity ESD immunity indices are shown in Table B-5. Table B-5 ESD immunity indices Discharge mode Level Performance class Contact 2kV, 4kV 2kV, 4kV, 8kV Note: Test method complies with IEC 61000-4-2 [5].
  • Page 112 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix B EMC Performance the outdoor should all satisfy the requirements for surge immunity. The indices are shown in Table B-7. Table B-7 Surge immunity indices Port Level Performance class Line~line, 2kV AC port Line~ground, 4kV Line~line, 0.5kV...
  • Page 113 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix B EMC Performance Note: Performance class A: BTS can withstand the test without any damage and it can run normally in the specified range. There is not any change in the software or data (all data in the storage or the data being processed) related to the tested switching equipment.

  • Page 114: Appendix C Environment Requirements

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix C Environment Requirements Appendix C Environment Requirements The environment requirements of BTS3612A involve storage, transportation, and operation environments. These requirements are specified based on the following standards: ETS 300019 Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment IEC 60721 Classification of environmental conditions C.1 Storage Environment...
  • Page 115 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix C Environment Requirements Table C-2 Requirements for the density of physically active substances Substance Unit Density Suspending dust mg/m³ ñ5.00 Falling dust mg/m²∙h ñ20.0 Sands mg/m³ ñ300 Note: Suspending dust: diameter ñ75 m Falling dust: 75 mñdiameterñ150 m Sands: 150 mñdiameterñ1,000 m The density of chemically active substances shall meet the requirements listed in...

  • Page 116: Transportation Environment

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix C Environment Requirements Item Sub-item Range Note: Impact response spectrum: The max. acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under the specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II refers to the semi sinusoidal impact response spectrum whose duration is 6ms.
  • Page 117 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix C Environment Requirements Substance Unit Density Falling dust mg/m²∙h ñ3.0 Sands mg/m³ ñ100 Note: Suspending dust: diameter ñ75 m Falling dust: 75 mñdiameterñ150 m Sands: 150 mñdiameterñ1,000 m The density of chemically active substances shall meet the requirements listed in Table C-7.

  • Page 118: Operation Environment

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix C Environment Requirements Item Sub-item Range Note: Impact response spectrum: The max. acceleration response curve generated by the equipment under the specified impact excitation. Impact response spectrum II refers to the semi sinusoidal impact response spectrum whose duration is 6ms.
  • Page 119 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix C Environment Requirements III. Air cleanness No explosive, electrically/magnetically conductive, or corrosive particles around. The density of physically active substances shall meet the requirements listed in Table C-11. Table C-11 Requirements for the density of physically active substances Substance Unit Density...
  • Page 120 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix C Environment Requirements IV. Mechanical stress Table C-13 Requirements for mechanical stress Item Sub-item Range Displacement ñ3.5mm Sinusoidal vibration Acceleration ñ10.0m/s² Frequency range 2~9Hz 9~200Hz Impact response ñ100m/s² spectrum II Unsteady impact Static load capability Note:...

  • Page 121: Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation D.1 Introduction The BTS has RF radiation (Radiation Hazard). Although there is no scientific evidence of possible health risks to persons living near the BTSs, some recommendations are giving below for the installation and operation of BTS.
  • Page 122 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation transient through a location where occupational/controlled limits apply provided he or she is made aware of the potential for exposure. Uncontrolled limits are used for general public. Uncontrolled exposure apply in situations is which the general public may be exposed, or in which persons that are exposed as a consequence of their employment may not be fully aware of the potential for exposure or can not exercise control over their exposure.

  • Page 123: Estimation Of Exposure To Electromagnetic Fields

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation Power density S [mW/cm ] for controlled area at 880 MHz Power density S [mW/cm ] for uncontrolled area at 880 MHz 1500 1500 D.3 Estimation of Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields The following method describes a theoretical approach to calculate possible exposure to electromagnetic radiation around a BTS antenna.

  • Page 124: Location Of Bts Antennae

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation π 4 Whereas: r = distance from the antenna [m] = Antenna gain relative to half wave dipole = Power at the antenna terminals [W] S = power density [W/m ] see also MPE Limits Note: 1mW/cm = 10W/m...

  • Page 125: Guidelines On Arranging Antenna Locations

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation D.5.2 Guidelines on Arranging Antenna Locations Observe the following guidelines when selecting the places for BTS antennas: For roof-mounted antennas, elevate the transmitting antennas above the height of people who may have to be on the roof.

  • Page 126: Appendix E Abbreviations And Acronyms

    Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms Availability A1/A2/A5 Interface between BSC and MSC A3/A7 Interface between BSCs A8/A9 Interface between BSC and PCF A10/A11 Interface between PCF and PDSN Authorization, Authentication and Accounting AAL2 ATM Adaptation Layer 2...
  • Page 127 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms BFAN BTS FAN Module BFIB BTS3606 Fan Block Interface Board BFMM BTS Fan Monitor Module BHPA BTS High Power Amplifier Unit BICM BTS Intermediate Frequency Control Module BIFM BTS Intermediate Frequency Module BPLI...
  • Page 128 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms Digit Analog Converter Direct Current DAGC Digit Automatic Gain Control Data Communications Equipment Dual Duplexer Unit Duplexer and Filter Unit Electro Magnetic Compatibility Electro Magnetic Interference Electro Magnetic Sensitivity Electronics Industry Association Erasure Indicator Bit...
  • Page 129 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms F-SYNCH Forward Sync Channel F-TCH Forward Traffic Channel F-TDPICH Forward Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel File Transfer Protocol GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite System General Paging Message Global Position System GRIL GPS/GLONASS Receiver Interface Language Graphics User Interface...
  • Page 130 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms Interworking Function JTAG Joint Test Action Group Link Access Control Light Emitting Diode Local Maintenance Function Low-Noise Amplifier Low-Pass Filter Medium Access Control Message Center MCPA Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier Main Control Unit Mcps...
  • Page 131 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms Operation & Maintenance Unit OCXO Oven voltage Control Oscillator OQPSK Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Orthogonal Transmit Diversity Printed Circuit Board Packet Control Function Paging Channel PDSN Packet Data Service Node PGND...
  • Page 132 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms R-DCCH Reverse Dedicated Control Channel R-EACH Reverse Enhanced Access Channel Radio Frequency R-FCH Reverse Fundamental Channel RLDU Receive LNA Distribution Unit Radio Link Protocol Radio Management Radio Network Controller R-PC Reverse Power Control subchannel...
  • Page 133 Technical Manual System Principle Airbridge BTS3612A CDMA Base Station Appendix E Abbreviations and Acronyms Tower Mounted Amplifier TMSI Temp Mobile Subscriber Identifier Transceiver Interface between BTS and MS User Network Interface Universal Coordinated Time UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter Virtual Channel Identifier Visitor Location Register Virtual Path Identifier VSWR...

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