Starting System Description And Operation; Circuit Description (Key Start) - Suzuki XL7 2007 Service Manual

Starting System: 1I-1
Starting System
General Description

Starting System Description and Operation

The starter motors are non-repairable starter motors. They have pole pieces that are arranged around the armature.
Both solenoid windings are energized. The pull-in winding circuit is completed to the ground through the starter motor.
The windings work together magnetically to pull and hold in the plunger. The plunger moves the shift lever. This action
causes the starter drive assembly to rotate on the armature shaft spline as it engages with the flywheel ring gear on
the engine. Moving at the same time, the plunger also closes the solenoid switch contacts in the starter solenoid. Full
battery voltage is applied directly to the starter motor and it cranks the engine.
As soon as the solenoid switch contacts close, current stops flowing thorough the pull-in winding because battery
voltage is applied to both ends of the windings. The hold-in winding remains energized. Its magnetic field is strong
enough to hold the plunger, shift lever, starter drive assembly, and solenoid switch contacts in place to continue
cranking the engine. When the engine starts, pinion overrun protects the armature from excessive speed until the
switch is opened.
When the ignition switch is released from the START position, the START relay opens and battery voltage is removed
from the starter solenoid S terminal. Current flows from the motor contacts through both windings to the ground at the
end of the hold-in winding. However, the direction of the current flow through the pull-in winding is now opposite the
direction of the current flow when the winding was first energized.
The magnetic fields of the pull-in and hold-in windings now oppose one another. This action of the windings, along with
the help of the return spring, causes the starter drive assembly to disengage and the solenoid switch contacts to open
simultaneously. As soon as the contacts open, the starter circuit is turned off.

Circuit Description (Key Start)

When the ignition switch is placed in the Start position, a discrete signal is supplied to the body control module (BCM)
notifying it that the ignition is in the Start position. The BCM then sends a message to the engine control module
(ECM) notifying it that CRANK has been requested. The ECM verifies that the transmission is in Park or Neutral. If it is,
the ECM then supplies 12 volts to the control circuit of the crank relay. When this occurs, battery positive voltage is
supplied through the switch side of the crank relay to the S terminal of the starter solenoid.
Schematic and Routing Diagram
Starting and Charging Schematics